| No. |
Thumbnail |
Title |
Description |
Date |
|
| 1 |  |
City of Norfolk v. County of Princess Anne: Annexation Proceedings | Seventeen-page typed legal document of the annexation proceedings order in the City of Norfolk v. the County of Princess Anne case. |
1956-06-01 |
|
| 2 |  |
City of Norfolk Against County of Princess Anne | Two-page typed legal document of the petition to rehear the City of Norfolk v. County of Princess Anne annexation case. |
1958-07-18 |
|
| 3 |  |
Leola Pearl Beckett v. School Board of the City of Norfolk, et al: Order | One-page typed court order in the Beckett v. School Board of the City of Norfolk case. |
1958-09-18 |
|
| 4 |  |
Lydon Harrell v. J. Lindsay Almond: Motion | Three-page typed legal document of the motion in the Harrell v. Almond court case. |
1958-09-27 |
|
| 5 |  |
Letter to J. J. Brewbaker and the Norfolk School Board from J. Lindsay Almond | One-page typed letter from Governor J. Lindsay Almond to the Norfolk School Board authorizing the closing of the Norfolk schools in response to integration. |
1958-09-27 |
|
| 6 |  |
Resolution of School Board of the City of Norfolk, Virginia. | One-page typed resolution of the Norfolk School Board listing the names and school placements of 17 African-American students for the 1958-1959 academic year. |
1958-09-27 |
|
| 7 |  |
Negroes' Withdrawal Would Reopen Schools | Newspaper article describing a heated council session where it was suggested that schools could re-open if the 17 African-American students withdrew their applications to attend the white schools. |
1958-10-01 |
|
| 8 |  |
Public Opinion Not Ready for Vote Now, Says Mayor: Referendum on Schools Seen Possible | Newspaper article discussing Norfolk Mayor Duckworth's belief that the public needs time before implementing a referendum on the public school dilemma. |
1958-10-01 |
|
| 9 |  |
Open Schools, City Council Petitions Almond: Advisory Referendum is Being Considered | Newspaper article concerning Norfolk City Council members' petition of Governor Almond to declare a state of emergency in Norfolk and for the Governor to operate Norfolk schools in the name of the General Assembly as segregated schools. |
1958-10-01 |
|
| 10 |  |
No Secession of Mind in NEA | Half-page article on Norfolk teachers' opposition to the closing of six Norfolk public schools in response in opposition to forced school integration. |
1958-10-04 |
|
| 11 |  |
Collision Course on Closed Schools | Newspaper article describing the damage that will be done by the closing of the Norfolk schools and how the closings will serve as a test case for the constitutionality of school closings under the Virginia Constitution. |
1958-10-05 |
|
| 12 |  |
On School Crisis: Board Expected to Make Collective Statement | Brief article concerning the Norfolk School Board's weekly meeting and the probability that the Board will make a collective statement advocating limited integration in preference to no puplic schools. |
1958-10-06 |
|
| 13 |  |
NEA Case is Drawn Up for Public: Past President Gives Summary in Defense of Educators | Newspaper article summarizing a statement from the Norfolk Education Association about the dedication of Norfolk teachers to reopening the schools. |
1958-10-08 |
|
| 14 |  |
Balked by Almond, Norfolk Looks to Voters: Reopen Schools Plea Rejected by Governor | Newspaper article discussing Governor Almond's decision to take no action to reopen Norfolk schools. The article also addresses the Norfolk City Council's decision to ask Norfolk voters to pay a $60 per pupil tuition fee to offset the loss of state funds if the schools operate on an integrated basis. |
1958-10-10 |
|
| 15 |  |
Council Due to Clarify Schools Ban Next Week | Newspaper article describing the upcoming clarification of a plan for closing school auditoriums to groups discussing desegregation. |
1958-10-10 |
|
| 16 |  |
Inside Virginia Politics: Way Out of School Dead End Imperative | One-page article on Virginia legislators' feelings about the negative effects of school integration massive resistance laws on the state. |
1958-10-12 |
|
| 17 |  |
Segregation Stand Scored by Robinson | Two-column newspaper article in which former Brooklyn baseball player, Jackie Robinson, denounces Southern segregationists. |
1958-10-12 |
|
| 18 |  |
More Delay, 'Calamity'--Brewbaker: 10,000 Students Barred from Schools Seen As Victims | Two-column article on Norfolk Public Schools Superintendent J.J. Brewbaker's opinion on the detrimental effects of the anti-segregation school closings on students. |
1958-10-12 |
|
| 19 |  |
Summer Sessions Seen: Extended School Shutdown to Upset June 30 Finish | Newspaper article describing the how the continued closing of schools would prevent a 180 day school year to be completed by June 30. |
1958-10-14 |
|
| 20 |  |
Restore School Bill Adopted | Newspaper article regarding the Meadowbrook Parent-Teacher Association's resolution urging the "restoration and maintenance of our free and efficient public school system." |
1958-10-16 |
|
| 21 |  |
Many May Not Be Back: The Lost Class of '59' | Newspaper article discussing Norfolk's high school seniors of 1959 and the effects of the school closings on their lives. The article points out that almost a fourth of the seniors will not return to school having opted to join the military, marry, or find jobs. |
1958-10-19 |
|
| 22 |  |
Letters to the Editor: Massive Resistance and the Minds of Virginia Children; Black Fish and White One Bite Hooks on Same Line | Two newspaper editorials discussing massive resistance and the Norfolk school crisis. |
1958-10-19 |
|
| 23 |  |
Virginia, North Carolina: The Past Seven: Education: The March of the 10,000 | One-column newspaper article describing the effect of the school closings on the 10,000 junior and senior high school students. |
1958-10-19 |
|
| 24 |  |
School Referendum Set; Board Rebuffed: Immediate Reopening Bid Fails | Newspaper article concerning a scheduled referendum vote which would give the City of Norfolk control of the city schools. |
1958-10-22 |
|
| 25 |  |
Not Keeping Quiet: Referendum on Schools Meaningless, Says Willis | Newspaper article describing Benjamin J. Willis' opinion that the upcoming referendum on giving the city control of the schools is meaningless. |
1958-10-23 |
|
| 26 |  |
Help Reopen Schools, Businessmen Urge | Newspaper article regarding the Education Committee of the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce's plea to chamber members to take action and provide the city with the leadership needed to open the closed public schools. |
1958-10-23 |
|
| 27 |  |
Ruth Pendleton James v. J. Lindsay Almond: Request for a Three Judge Court | One-page typed legal document from Edmund Campbell and Archie Boswell requesting a three-judge court on behalf of the plaintiffs in the James v. Almond case. |
1958-10-27 |
|
| 28 |  |
Albertis S. Harrison v. Sidney C. Day, Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia: Amendment to Answer of Sidney C. day, Jr., Comptroller of Virginia, To Petition for Writ of Mandamus | Two-page typed legal document of the admendment to answer of Sidney C. Day to petition for writ of mandamus in the Harrison v. Day case. |
1958-10-27 |
|
| 29 |  |
Albertis S. Harrison v. Sidney C. Day, Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia : Petition for Writ of Mandamus | Five-page typed legal document of the James vs Almond petition for writ of mandamus presented to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia by Albertis S. Harrison, Kenneth C. Patty, and R.D. McIlwaine, III. |
1958-10-27 |
|
| 30 |  |
Ruth Pendleton James v. J. Lindsay Almond: Complaint for Injunctions | Twelve-page typed legal document from Edmund C. Campbell and Archie L. Boswell to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia of the suit for preliminary and permanent injuctions in the James vs Almond case. |
1958-10-27 |
|
| 31 |  |
Ruth Pendleton James v. J. Lindsay Almond: Request for a Three Judge Court | One-page typed legal document from Edmund Campbell and Archie Boswell requesting a three-judge court on behalf of the plaintiffs in the James v. Almond case. |
1958-10-27 |
|
| 32 |  |
Albertis S. Harrison v. Sidney C. Day, Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia: Answer of Sidney C. day, Jr., Comptroller of Virginia to Petition for Writ of Mandamus | Four-page typed legal document of Virginia Comptroller Sidney C. Day's answer to the petition for writ of mandamus in the Harrison v. Day case. |
1958-10-27 |
|
| 33 |  |
Ruth Pendleton James v. J. Lindsay Almond: Plaintiffs' Statement | Two-page typed legal document from Edmund D. Campbell and Archie L. Boswell containing the plaintiffs' statement of authorities in support of the motion for preliminary injunction in the James vs Almond case. |
1958-10-27 |
|
| 34 |  |
Ruth Pendleton James v. J. Lindsay Almond: Motion for Preliminary Injunction | Two-page typed legal document from Edmund Campbell and Archie Boswell containing a motion for a preliminary injunction on behalf of the plaintiffs in the James v. Almond case. |
1958-10-27 |
|
| 35 |  |
Letter to Archie Boswell from Edmund Campbell | One-page typed letter to Archie Boswell from Edmund Campbell regarding legal fees. |
1958-10-28 |
|
| 36 |  |
Letter to James Brewer from Edmund Campbell | Two-page typed letter to Reverend James Brewer from Edmund Campbell concerning legal fees for the James v. Almond case. |
1958-10-28 |
|
| 37 |  |
Letter to James Brewer from Edmund Campbell | One-page typed letter from Edmund D. Campbell to Archie L. Boswell concerning legal fees. |
1958-10-28 |
|
| 38 |  |
Letter to Judge Sobeloff Concerning Pre-Trial Conference | Two-page typed letter from Attorney General, A.S. Harrison, to Chief Judge, Simon E. Sobeloff, concerning a pre-trial conference in the James vs Almond case. |
1958-11-07 |
|
| 39 |  |
Letter to Judge Simon E. Sobeloff from Edmund D. Campbell and Archie L. Boswell | Three-page typed letter to Judge Simon E. Sobeloff from Edmund Campbell and Archie Boswell regarding a trial postponement of the James v. Almond case. |
1958-11-07 |
|
| 40 |  |
Ruth Pendleton James v. J. Lindsay Almond: Order Upon Motion of Stay | One-page typed legal document of the order upon motion for stay in the James vs Almond case. |
1958-11-10 |
|
| 41 |  |
Ruth Pendleton James v. J. Lindsay Almond: Motion for Stay | Four-page typed legal document of the motion for stay in the James vs Almond case. |
1958-11-10 |
|
| 42 |  |
Letter to Paul T. Schweitzer from Archie L. Boswell | One-page typed letter from Archie L. Boswell to Paul Schweitzer informing Schweitzer of his upcoming subpoena in the James vs. Almond case. |
1958-11-10 |
|
| 43 |  |
Letter to Albertis Harrison from Edmund D. Campbell | Two-paged typed letter to Attorney General, Albertis S. Harrison, Jr., from Edmund Compbell concerning the admittance of documents in the James vs Almond trial. |
1958-11-10 |
|
| 44 |  |
Letter to William P. Ballard from Archie L. Boswell | One-page typed letter to William Ballard from Archie Boswell informing Ballard of his forthcoming subpoena in the James v. Almond case. |
1958-11-10 |
|
| 45 |  |
Letter to Francis Crenshaw from Archie L. Boswell | One-page typed letter to Francis Crenshaw from Archie L. Boswell informing Crenshaw of his forthcoming subpoena in the James v. Almond case. |
1958-11-10 |
|
| 46 |  |
Letter to J.J. Brewbaker from Archie L. Boswell | One-page typed letter to J.J. Brewbaker from Archie L. Boswell informing Brewbaker of his upcoming subpoena in the James vs Almond case. |
1958-11-10 |
|
| 47 |  |
Letter to Edmund D. Campbell from Archie L. Boswell | One-page typed letter to Edmund D. Campbell from Archie Boswell containing a copy of the list of plaintiffs being subpoenaed in the James vs Almond case. |
1958-11-11 |
|
| 48 |  |
Ruth Pendelton James, et al v. J. Lindsay Almond, et al: Subpoena | Subpoena issued to William L. Harrell and Lewis W. Webb, Jr. in the James v. Almond case. |
1958-11-12 |
|
| 49 |  |
Letter to plaintiffs, defendants, and attorneys in the James v. Almond case from Walkley E. Johnson | One-page typed letter to the plaintiffs, defendants, and attorneys in the James v. Almond case from United States District Court Clerk, Walkley E. Johnson, concerning the trial date. |
1958-11-12 |
|
| 50 |  |
Ruth Pendleton James v. J. Lindsay Almond: Plaintiffs' Trial Memorandum | Forty-two page typed plaintiffs' trial memorandum in the James v. Almond case. [pdf format]
|
1958-11-14 |
|
